Hydroponic Nutrition and PH Parameter Monitoring System Based on Esp32 Using Rule-Based Control Algorithm and Prototyping Method

Monitoring pH and nutrient concentration is an important aspect in maintaining the condition of hydroponic solutions. This study aims to develop a pH and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) monitoring system based on ESP32 with a Rule-Based Control algorithm and prototyping method. This research is a development research with an object in the form of a Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) hydroponic system prototype, without involving human respondents. The research instruments include a PH-4502C pH sensor, a TDS sensor, an ESP32, a relay, a nutrient pump, and a web interface. Data were obtained through observation and device testing, then analyzed descriptively based on the results of sensor readings, pump responses, and the suitability of the web display. The test results showed a difference in pH sensor readings of 0.11 to 0.16 units, while TDS readings ranged from 42 to 1,250 ppm. The system successfully activated the pump when the TDS was less than 800 ppm and deactivated it at a value of 800 ppm or more. The latency of web data updates was recorded at 0.3 to 0.4 seconds. Thus, the prototype can perform nutrient monitoring and control functions automatically based on defined rules, although long-term testing and automatic pH control are still required.