Supervision and Protection of Non-Procedural Indonesian Migrant Workers from Ibn Taymiyyah’s Perspective

Non-procedural Indonesian migrant workers face heightened exposure to deceptive recruitment, exploitation, human trafficking, and barriers to effective legal remedies. This article examines the protection and supervision of such workers under Indonesian law and evaluates the relevance of Ibn Taymiyyah’s concepts of al-ḥisbah and al-siyāsah al-sharʿiyyah. Using normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches, it analyzes legislation, institutional regulations, scholarly literature, and official administrative data. The findings show that irregular departure does not extinguish fundamental rights or the statutory commitment to humane, non-discriminatory treatment; the principal deficiencies concern practical accessibility, interagency coordination, and early prevention. Institutional reforms and the revocation of several technical regulations in 2026 require careful clarification of implementing responsibilities. The article proposes a layered supervision model operating from villages and recruitment networks through immigration screening, consular assistance, and post-return remedies. Ibn Taymiyyah’s principles of public trust, justice, institutional competence, and prevention of oppression provide an ethical standard for evaluating this model. Recommended reforms include interoperable oversight, safe complaint pathways, accountable recruitment inspections, and accessible regular migration channels.