Gamma-ray bursts as an independent high-redshift probe of dark energy — E8 Intelligence Research

Testing the ΛCDM model requires cosmological probes spanning the wide redshift interval between Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia, z ≲ 2.9) and the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB, z ≈ 1100). Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), observed up to redshift z=9.2, offer the opportunity to explore part of this regime. Here, we investigate how many GRBs are needed to become a useful cosmological probe capable of independently testing deviations from ΛCDM suggested by the recent DESI BAO observations. We develop forecasts based on the two-dimensional X-ray and optical Dainotti relations, between the luminosity at the end of the plateau phase and its rest-frame duration. Using simulated GRB samples constructed from the observed population, we evaluate the constraining power of GRBs on cosmological parameters within the wCDM and w0waCDM models, both independently and in combination with CMB observati Author: Andrew Stewart Caldin, Independent Researcher, UK. Part of the E8 Intelligence Research series. Platform: e8intelligence.com