Critical Success Factors for Waste Management Startup Development in Indonesia: A DEMATEL-Based ANP (DANP) Analysis

Indonesia faces growing waste management challenges, while existing management efforts remain insufficient to address increasing waste generation. In response, waste management startups have emerged as innovative solutions. Despite their potential, many struggle due to weak regulation, technological barriers, and low public awareness. This study identifies Critical Success Factors (CSFs) influencing their development using the DEMATEL-based ANP (DANP) method, which captures interrelationships among 37 validated CSFs through expert judgment and modeling. The results indicate that Learning and Growth is the most prominent dimension, while Government Support acts as the primary driving dimension. At the global level, ‘Government Policies and Regulation’ has the highest priority, highlighting the importance of a supportive regulatory environment for startup development. These findings provide practical guidance for policymakers, entrepreneurs, and other stakeholders to strengthen the waste management startup ecosystem and advance sustainable waste management in Indonesia.