Improving the patient experience of adrenal vein sampling: a multicentre survey and counselling checklist

Abstract Objectives Adrenal vein sampling (AVS) is the recommended procedure for subtyping primary aldosteronism (PA), yet the patient experience is not well researched. As global guidelines now recommend broader PA screening, AVS demand is expected to rise. This study aimed to explore patient experiences of AVS to identify specific needs and areas for clinical improvement. Methods A multicentre, cross-sectional survey was conducted across 13 sites in Australia and New Zealand (January 2024 to December 2025). Eligible adults with PA who underwent AVS were invited to participate within one month of AVS. Data collection included closed-ended questions on logistics, open-ended qualitative responses and the Consumer Health Activation Index (CHAI). Data were analysed with descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Results There were 135 respondents, with 65% aged > 50 years and 53% male. Despite high health activation (median CHAI = 76/100), patients reported a significant health burden. The median wait time for AVS was 92 days, during which 55% had uncontrolled hypertension and 26% required GP intervention. The majority (88%) felt adequately informed, although qualitative data revealed reports of physical or mental distress about the procedure itself, medication washout, or recovery. Thematic analysis of responses led to development of a counselling checklist that clinicians can apply to ensure more comprehensive patient preparation for AVS. Conclusion This study highlights the patient burden associated with AVS and supports a broader definition of procedural success that encompasses patient-centred outcomes alongside technical metrics. A standardised AVS counselling checklist was developed to improve shared decision-making and peri-procedural care.