Implementation of a Buddhist Religious Leadership Communication Model Based on Dhamma Ethics

This study aims to describe the implementation of a Buddhist religious leadership communication model based on Dhamma ethics in Central Java Province, Indonesia. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed to explore communication practices, ethical principles, and leadership interactions within Buddhist communities. Data were collected from January to July 2026 through semi-structured interviews and direct observations involving Buddhist leaders, government officials, and managers of monasteries and Buddhist temples (vihara) across several regencies and cities in Central Java. Relevant organizational records and activity reports were also used as documentary sources. Data were analyzed through data familiarization, coding, categorization, theme development, interpretation, and conclusion drawing/verification, while triangulation was conducted across interview, observational, and documentary evidence. The results identified six recurring forms of Dhamma-based leadership communication: participatory communication in Dhamma activities, two-way communication, respect for community opinions and input, ethical communication and rejection of misinformation, mutual respect, and attentive listening. These practices reflect Dhamma values such as sammā vācā, mettā, karuṇā, and paññā and position religious leaders as facilitators of dialogue, ethical role models, and attentive listeners rather than solely as transmitters of religious teachings. The study concludes that Dhamma ethics provides a practical foundation for participatory, dialogical, and ethically responsible leadership communication that supports mutual respect, trust, and internal harmony within Buddhist communities in Central Java.