A Rare Case of Recurrent Spontaneous Soft Tissue Hematomas in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) – Case Report

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the Philadelphia chromosome, BCR–ABL1 fusion gene. Although bleeding manifestations are recognized, spontaneous soft-tissue hematomas are rare. We report a 21-year-old male with chronic-phase CML who developed recurrent spontaneous intramuscular hematomas in the absence of trauma. He presented with hyperleukocytosis and a gluteal hematoma complicated by compartment syndrome requiring surgical decompression. In the absence of identifiable coagulation abnormalities, a multifactorial mechanism, including hyperleukocytosis-associated microvascular dysfunction and possible qualitative platelet abnormalities, may have contributed. This case highlights an uncommon but serious complication of uncontrolled CML.