Evaluating the effectiveness of robustness as a secondary decision criterion for a bi-objective optimization approach for an uncertain and dynamic job shop scheduling problem

Production systems often face uncertainties and disruptions arising from both technical and supply-chain causes. To mitigate their impact on realized schedule performance in terms of makespan and tardiness, we evaluate the use of a robustness measure as a secondary decision criterion when multiple objective-equivalent solutions occur within an approximated Pareto front. Its usefulness is assessed by a simulation study of a job shop facing random machine breakdowns and varying repair times on a benchmark dataset. The insights gained are the basis for the development of more robust production scheduling strategies. Preprint. Accepted for presentation and publication at CIRP ICME 2026; to appear in Procedia CIRP (Elsevier, ISSN: 2212-8271). This version has not been copy-edited by the publisher.