Effect of resistance training intensity on quality of life and physical outcome measures in older adults

Abstract Objectives To explore variations in QoL and physical outcomes between participants who select different resistance training intensities alongside impact training. Methods Forty (F=33, M=7) community-dwelling adults over 55 y were recruited for a non-randomised intervention trial. All participants undertook a 4-week familiarisation resistance training (RT) protocol, after which they self-selected either high intensity (HIRIT) or low-moderate (L-MIRIT) intensity resistance and impact training for 8 weeks. Paired t-tests assessed within-group changes, and linear mixed models examined differences between subgroups over time for physiological, anthropometric and psychological outcomes. Results Both groups significantly increased muscle strength (chest press, leg press, and relative leg press 1RM). Centre of pressure pathlength significantly changed in different conditions in different groups. The HIRIT showed a significant increase in general health subscale of the SF-36. The L-MIRIT showed a statistically significant reduction in fat mass percentage. There was a significant between-group difference relative leg press but for other measures. Conclusions Both HIRIT and L-MIRIT are effective in increasing muscle strength, and maintaining muscle mass and QoL among healthy older adults. By engaging in RT, irrespective of intensity, may help target factors that contribute to frailty in older adults.