The Geometrical Construction of the Regular Polygons Using a Ruler and a Compass & the How Gravitational - Force Keeps Them Still.

Abstract The Method a). Document Article 132-REGPOIY, is The NEW Method of Constructing All Polygons and Based on Three Triangles & Three Circles {1=Apothems, 2=Constant-Differences-Squares 3=Constant-Sum-Squares} where this Mechanism of these Triangles-Circles is Drawn Step by Step with < A Ruler and a Compass only >. In Mechanism and onto Any Even-Sequence -(n, n+2)-- of Polygons, The Inbetween Odd -(n+1)- is Detected on the Two Circles and Defined by the Third one on the main circle. The Resolution of Constructibility with Ruler and a Compass for All the Regular Polygons was achieved with, the Clear Step by Step Geometrical Analysis and Proofs, while is Highlighted The Erroneous Solution at the time. b). In the System of a circle [O, OK], of Diameters KK′ ⊥ l aa′ = 2R, KK′ ⊥ K(E), and a Chord KA = KEₐ on K(E), Represents The Fixed Twin - Couple of the Triangles KAK′, KAEₐ. Simultaneously, The Midpoint Oₐ of side KEₐ, The Isosceles triangle KAEₐ, The Base Point Dₐ of Perpendicular ADₐ, and The Perpendicular triangles KADₐ, KAK′ Are Collectively and Constantly Related to each other;....It is Proved. b1). On Triangle KAK′ any Chord KA is related to its Angle φₐ as KA = 2R. sin φₐ, and Squared |KA|² = 2R. hₐ, While on the Triangles KADₐ, KAEₐ, sin φₐ = ADₐ / KA, and Differences |KA|² - |KEₐ|² = |KA|.|OₑₐDₐ| = k², where Point Oₑₐ is Midpoint of KEₐ = KA. b2). On Any 2-Even Polygon Set-[n,n+2]--of Sides KA,KB is Defined the Constant Apothems on circle & Archimedes 2n-Sided-Vertices Polygon from n+1. Midpoints Mₑₐᵦ, Mᵦᵦ from Distance |Eₐ-Eᵦ| And |BB′|, and The Golden-Ratio-Point A₂.C on Apothems (rₐ – rᵦ) Sector |A₁.A, A₁.B| which Denotes Apothe m A꜀, and KA꜀ Cuts [O,OK] Circle at Point C such that Side KC IS The ODD-Polygon`s, & The Gravitational-Force as Stress σ = 2Gπrf/Φ ≡ The Holding Energy [Fig-7-3]. Keywords: Regular Polygons, Geometrical Construction, Euclidean Geometry, Ruler and Compass Construction, Circle Geometry, Mathematical Constructibility, Golden Ratio, Geometric Proofs

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Publication Details

Journal
GPH-International Journal of Mathematics
Published
2026-11-05
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23977579
Primary Topic
Mathematics and Applications
Type
article
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article

The Geometrical Construction of the Regular Polygons Using a Ruler and a Compass & the How Gravitational - Force Keeps Them Still.

Markos Georgallides
GPH-International Journal of Mathematics
Mathematics and Applications
article

The Geometrical Construction of the Regular Polygons Using a Ruler and a Compass & the How Gravitational - Force Keeps Them Still.

Markos Georgallides
article en

Abstract

Abstract The Method a). Document Article 132-REGPOIY, is The NEW Method of Constructing All Polygons and Based on Three Triangles & Three Circles {1=Apothems, 2=Constant-Differences-Squares 3=Constant-Sum-Squares} where this Mechanism of these Triangles-Circles is Drawn Step by Step with < A Ruler and a Compass only >. In Mechanism and onto Any Even-Sequence -(n, n+2)-- of Polygons, The Inbetween Odd -(n+1)- is Detected on the Two Circles and Defined by the Third one on the main circle. The Resolution of Constructibility with Ruler and a Compass for All the Regular Polygons was achieved with, the Clear Step by Step Geometrical Analysis and Proofs, while is Highlighted The Erroneous Solution at the time. b). In the System of a circle [O, OK], of Diameters KK′ ⊥ l aa′ = 2R, KK′ ⊥ K(E), and a Chord KA = KEₐ on K(E), Represents The Fixed Twin - Couple of the Triangles KAK′, KAEₐ. Simultaneously, The Midpoint Oₐ of side KEₐ, The Isosceles triangle KAEₐ, The Base Point Dₐ of Perpendicular ADₐ, and The Perpendicular triangles KADₐ, KAK′ Are Collectively and Constantly Related to each other;....It is Proved. b1). On Triangle KAK′ any Chord KA is related to its Angle φₐ as KA = 2R. sin φₐ, and Squared |KA|² = 2R. hₐ, While on the Triangles KADₐ, KAEₐ, sin φₐ = ADₐ / KA, and Differences |KA|² - |KEₐ|² = |KA|.|OₑₐDₐ| = k², where Point Oₑₐ is Midpoint of KEₐ = KA. b2). On Any 2-Even Polygon Set-[n,n+2]--of Sides KA,KB is Defined the Constant Apothems on circle & Archimedes 2n-Sided-Vertices Polygon from n+1. Midpoints Mₑₐᵦ, Mᵦᵦ from Distance |Eₐ-Eᵦ| And |BB′|, and The Golden-Ratio-Point A₂.C on Apothems (rₐ – rᵦ) Sector |A₁.A, A₁.B| which Denotes Apothe m A꜀, and KA꜀ Cuts [O,OK] Circle at Point C such that Side KC IS The ODD-Polygon`s, & The Gravitational-Force as Stress σ = 2Gπrf/Φ ≡ The Holding Energy [Fig-7-3]. Keywords: Regular Polygons, Geometrical Construction, Euclidean Geometry, Ruler and Compass Construction, Circle Geometry, Mathematical Constructibility, Golden Ratio, Geometric Proofs

GPH-International Journal of Mathematics
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Mathematics and Applications
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The Geometrical Construction of the Regular Polygons Using a Ruler and a Compass & the How Gravitational - Force Keeps Them Still. — Markos Georgallides · GPH-International Journal of Mathematics (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS