Certified bounds on the connected vacuum energy of a three-plaquette path in Hamiltonian SU(3) lattice gauge theory

We study an open path of three plaquettes in Hamiltonian SU(3) lattice gauge theory at the fixed Wilson coefficient j = 6145/3072, with C₂(3) = 4/3. Let E₁, E₂, E₃ be the neutral ground energies of one plaquette, an adjacent pair and the path. We prove −4.6177250 × 10⁻⁵ ≤ E₃ − 2E₂ + E₁ ≤ −2.555412 × 10⁻⁶. Thus the second outer plaquette lowers the ground energy more than the first. The neutral excitation gap on the same ten-link graph satisfies 1.171238937859 < Δpath < 4.726131 in lattice energy units. The estimates apply to the untruncated Hamiltonian. We retain interference terms by adding all amplitudes for a common output before taking its squared Haar norm. Rational trial vectors, inertia tests and an offline verifier reproduce the bounds. The connected energy gives one local coefficient for a plaquette expansion. Extension to a volume-uniform estimate requires control of larger clusters and their boundary interactions.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-11-05
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23978728
Primary Topic
Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
Type
preprint
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preprint

Certified bounds on the connected vacuum energy of a three-plaquette path in Hamiltonian SU(3) lattice gauge theory

Ken Umeno
2 links
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
preprint

Certified bounds on the connected vacuum energy of a three-plaquette path in Hamiltonian SU(3) lattice gauge theory

Ken Umeno
preprint en

Abstract

We study an open path of three plaquettes in Hamiltonian SU(3) lattice gauge theory at the fixed Wilson coefficient j = 6145/3072, with C₂(3) = 4/3. Let E₁, E₂, E₃ be the neutral ground energies of one plaquette, an adjacent pair and the path. We prove −4.6177250 × 10⁻⁵ ≤ E₃ − 2E₂ + E₁ ≤ −2.555412 × 10⁻⁶. Thus the second outer plaquette lowers the ground energy more than the first. The neutral excitation gap on the same ten-link graph satisfies 1.171238937859 < Δpath < 4.726131 in lattice energy units. The estimates apply to the untruncated Hamiltonian. We retain interference terms by adding all amplitudes for a common output before taking its squared Haar norm. Rational trial vectors, inertia tests and an offline verifier reproduce the bounds. The connected energy gives one local coefficient for a plaquette expansion. Extension to a volume-uniform estimate requires control of larger clusters and their boundary interactions.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Kyoto University (JP)
Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
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