Adapting to Automation: Workforce Preparedness in the Fourth Industrial Revolution

Abstract The Fourth Industrial Revolution, driven by artificial intelligence, robotics and automation, is reshaping how work is organised and raising concerns about job displacement and the readiness of the workforce. This paper examines how students, working professionals and job seekers perceive the impact of automation on employment and which skills they consider essential for the future. A descriptive, survey-based study was carried out using a structured questionnaire administered to 70 respondents selected by convenience sampling, supported by a review of nine influential studies and policy reports. Responses were analysed using frequency and percentage analysis and graphical representation. The results show that 42.9% of respondents believe technology may replace jobs, while 25.7% expect outright replacement and 24.3% do not. Information technology and software was perceived as the most exposed sector (82.9%), followed by manufacturing (32.9%). Technical/programming skills and problem-solving were each chosen by 65.7% of respondents as important for future jobs, followed by creativity and innovation (64.3%), and every respondent reported that technology improves work or study efficiency. The findings support the view that automation transforms work rather than simply replacing it, and they point to the need for continuous reskilling, stronger STEM education and industry–academia partnerships. Because the sample is small and dominated by young respondents, the results are indicative rather than conclusive.