Lack of Technology Adoption in Electricity Production: An Entrepreneurial Perspective on United Nations Sustainable Development Goals

The lack of technology adoption poses a major threat to sustainable economic development, energy security, and climate change mitigation. While the potential for renewable electricity, smart grids, energy storage, and digital solutions to enhance electricity production and distribution, their implementation faces a wide range of financial, institutional, technological, and entrepreneurial barriers. The purpose of this review is to consider the issue of technological underutilization from an entrepreneurship perspective. Specifically, the present article focuses on a phenomenon of entrepreneurial attrition and its implications for the emergence of innovative electricity-production methods, their survival, and expansion. The article also discusses the relationships between electricity technology adoption and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, including affordable and clean energy, sustainable economic growth, industrial innovation, and climate action. The review emphasizes the importance of policies, financing, research and development, technology transfer, and synergies between governments, universities, and enterprises for achieving the electricity-related development goals. It concludes that electricity production sustainability cannot be accomplished through mere technological innovation, but rather requires an integrated approach that takes into account entrepreneurship, institutional aspects, infrastructure, and environmental responsibility.