Technical Performance and Probabilistic Energy Yield Assessment of a 620 MWp Bifacial Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power Plant in an Area Located in the Eastern Part of the Absheron Peninsula of Azerbaijan

Abstract This study audits the energy balance, geometric inputs, performance indicators and exceedance-yield calculation of a 620 MWp DC / 477.5 MWac bifacial photovoltaic plant proposed for the eastern Absheron Peninsula. The source is a single PVsyst V8.0.12 simulation (VC1, 23 June 2025), rather than measured plant operation. Simulated first-year grid-injected energy is 886.81 GWh (1,430 kWh/kWp), with conventional PR of 89.95% and reported bifacial PR of 83.89%. Under an explicitly assumed normal distribution and illustrative 4.39% combined relative standard deviation, conditional P90 and P95 estimates are approximately 837.0 and 822.8 GWh. The review distinguishes active module width from shed width, tests the internal arithmetic of the exceedance estimates, and identifies the input evidence needed before the forecast can support investment decisions. Independent weather validation, manufacturer-specific uncertainty evidence and confirmation of as-built electrical design remain outstanding.