Advancing resource orchestration theory towards a dual-orchestration framework for digital and green transformation

Abstract Digital transformation and sustainability are increasingly interconnected strategic priorities, requiring firms to address technological and environmental objectives simultaneously. However, resource orchestration research has largely examined digital and sustainability-oriented resources in separate streams, leaving limited understanding of how they can be jointly orchestrated. This study develops a Dual-Orchestration perspective to address this integration gap. A bibliometric analysis is conducted to identify the intellectual structure, major and emerging themes, and thematic evolution of resource orchestration research. The findings reveal growing connections among resource orchestration, digital transformation and technologies, sustainability and green development, dynamic capabilities, environmental uncertainty, resource allocation, stakeholder engagement, and strategic decision-making. Together, these patterns point to an emerging integration opportunity. Building on Resource Orchestration Theory and on the dynamic capabilities, environmental contingency, and managerial cognition perspectives, the study develops a conceptual framework in which digital resource orchestration and green resource orchestration converge through dual-orchestration integration. This integration facilitates the development and deployment of dynamic capabilities, which translate orchestrated resources into sustainable organizational outcomes. The environmental context shapes the relevance and configuration of orchestration, while managerial cognition and strategic decision-making shape orchestration and integration choices. Six conceptual propositions are derived from this mechanism, providing a theoretically grounded basis for future empirical investigation. The study contributes by integrating the fragmented digital and sustainability-oriented resource orchestration streams into a unified perspective that responds to the contemporary need for simultaneous digital and sustainable transformation.