Carbon Emission Reduction Accounting and Carbon Trading Mechanism Analysis of Straw Energy Utilization

As the “dual carbon” goals and the rural revitalization strategy are jointly advanced, straw energy utilization is a key pathway for the resource utilization of agricultural solid waste and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. This study uses bibliometric and classification analysis methods to systematically review the domestic and international research progress in the two core areas of straw biomass energy carbon emission accounting and carbon trading mechanisms. It integrates straw gasification coupled with coal combustion, biomass granulation and co firing, biogas fermentation, bioethanol conversion and other diversified utilization scenarios, compares accounting methods such as full life cycle assessment, IPCC accounting, GIS spatial analysis, etc., and analyzes the application models, action path and practical challenges of carbon trading mechanisms. Research shows that straw energy utilization has significant carbon reduction and carbon sequestration effects. However, there are some problems with carbon reduction accounting, such as inconsistent boundaries and missing regional parameters. Carbon trading also has some limitations, such as difficulties in certifying small and micro projects, high verification costs, and insufficient market-oriented benefits. In the future, need to establish a full lifecycle accounting system, simplify the carbon verification process, and promote the deep coupling of straw energy and carbon market. This study provides a theoretical reference for low-carbon utilization of agricultural biomass and localized optimization of carbon trading mechanisms.