Sistemas Híbridos de Rastreamento de Contêineres

Contemporary foreign trade requires end-to-end visibility and maximum efficiency at modal transfer nodes. This article analyzes the development and application of electronic systems based on the Internet of Things (IoT), low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations, subaquatic acoustic telemetry, and Artificial Intelligence algorithms applied to Terminal Operating Systems (TOS). The objective is to propose a conceptual and operational model for transforming containers into smart assets, capable of self-tracking on land and deep sea, and predictive integration with customs yards to minimize unproductive movements.