Alteration of Hematological indices among cement industry workers due to reductive variation of Cardio-respiratory parameters

Abstract Cement dust exposure is a major occupational health concern among cement industry workers and may contribute to respiratory and systemic health disorders. This cross-sectional study assessed the effects of chronic cement dust exposure on pulmonary and hematological parameters among cement industry workers aged 20–55 years. A total of 90 participants were enrolled, including 45 exposed workers and 45 age-matched controls. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, clinical assessment, pulmonary function testing, and laboratory investigations. Pulmonary function analysis revealed reduced Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV₁) among exposed workers, although the differences were not statistically significant. Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) was significantly decreased (p = 0.0089), indicating impaired respiratory function. Hematological findings demonstrated significant alterations in packed cell volume (PCV), RBC count, platelet count, monocyte count, MCH, and MCHC. The findings suggest that long-term occupational exposure to cement dust may adversely affect respiratory function and hematological status. Regular health surveillance, use of personal protective equipment, and workplace dust control measures are recommended to minimize occupational health risks.