TIC 61220826.01: a 2.5 Earth-radius planet candidate on a 11.43-day orbit around a nearby K dwarf, found in TESS full-frame images

We report a transiting planet candidate around TIC 61220826 (Gaia DR3 6212252452263847424), a T = 10.7 K dwarf at 78.0 pc, found by Tessa, an open search of TESS full-frame-image light curves of nearby K and M dwarfs that were mostly never observed at 2-minute cadence. Data from 4 sectors show 6 transits with period P = 11.428717 ± 0.000111 d, depth 1103 ppm and duration 3.15 h (SNR 12.1), implying a planet radius of 2.45+0.61−0.09 R⊕. The signal passes these tests: odd and even transits agree (0.8σ) and there is no significant secondary eclipse (SNR 5.8); the depth is consistent across sectors (p = 0.97); the stellar density implied by the transit shape matches the catalogue value (ratio 1.86, 68% interval 0.16–2.91); Gaia DR3 astrometry (RUWE 0.98) and radial velocities show no sign that the target is a binary; in a leave-one-season-out test, each of 4 seasons is predicted from the others and shows the dip at the predicted times; the identical search on this star's upside-down light curve finds nothing stronger than SNR 8.2, against 12.1 for the dip. TRICERATOPS gives FPP = 0.048, but NFPP = 1.6e-03 is above the 0.001 that the "likely planet" class also requires (Giacalone et al. 2021): by that test a nearby star is not yet excluded as the source. The candidate matches no known planet, TOI, CTOI, catalogued eclipsing binary or variable star, nor any signal in the published candidate lists we checked. We give an ephemeris and predicted transit times (timing uncertainty ≈24 min) for TESS Sector 115, which observes the star from 2027-03-14 to 2027-04-11, and for ground-based observations, and set out in advance the criterion by which new data will test the prediction. Files: the preprint (PDF); every predicted transit to 2027-06-30, with ground-site observability (CSV); and the candidate parameters (JSON).

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-11-04
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23957987
Primary Topic
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
Type
preprint
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preprint

TIC 61220826.01: a 2.5 Earth-radius planet candidate on a 11.43-day orbit around a nearby K dwarf, found in TESS full-frame images

Rushikesh Barve
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
preprint

TIC 61220826.01: a 2.5 Earth-radius planet candidate on a 11.43-day orbit around a nearby K dwarf, found in TESS full-frame images

Rushikesh Barve
preprint en

Abstract

We report a transiting planet candidate around TIC 61220826 (Gaia DR3 6212252452263847424), a T = 10.7 K dwarf at 78.0 pc, found by Tessa, an open search of TESS full-frame-image light curves of nearby K and M dwarfs that were mostly never observed at 2-minute cadence. Data from 4 sectors show 6 transits with period P = 11.428717 ± 0.000111 d, depth 1103 ppm and duration 3.15 h (SNR 12.1), implying a planet radius of 2.45+0.61−0.09 R⊕. The signal passes these tests: odd and even transits agree (0.8σ) and there is no significant secondary eclipse (SNR 5.8); the depth is consistent across sectors (p = 0.97); the stellar density implied by the transit shape matches the catalogue value (ratio 1.86, 68% interval 0.16–2.91); Gaia DR3 astrometry (RUWE 0.98) and radial velocities show no sign that the target is a binary; in a leave-one-season-out test, each of 4 seasons is predicted from the others and shows the dip at the predicted times; the identical search on this star's upside-down light curve finds nothing stronger than SNR 8.2, against 12.1 for the dip. TRICERATOPS gives FPP = 0.048, but NFPP = 1.6e-03 is above the 0.001 that the "likely planet" class also requires (Giacalone et al. 2021): by that test a nearby star is not yet excluded as the source. The candidate matches no known planet, TOI, CTOI, catalogued eclipsing binary or variable star, nor any signal in the published candidate lists we checked. We give an ephemeris and predicted transit times (timing uncertainty ≈24 min) for TESS Sector 115, which observes the star from 2027-03-14 to 2027-04-11, and for ground-based observations, and set out in advance the criterion by which new data will test the prediction. Files: the preprint (PDF); every predicted transit to 2027-06-30, with ground-site observability (CSV); and the candidate parameters (JSON).

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
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