Begin transformation at the beginning: Making a case for research and action on human–nature connection in the early years

Abstract Connections and relationships between humans and nature have been identified as critical to the fundamental value systems on which the success of transformative change for sustainability resides. Despite a substantial body of research on human–nature connection (HNC), little effort has focused on how HNC forms and develops in early childhood. This perspective piece argues for a greater understanding of how a foundation for HNC forms in the early years (i.e. 0–7 years) and how this might shape ongoing relationships with nature into adulthood. We describe how the early years could represent a unique, foundational and opportunistic period for the development of deep HNC: a period where self‐reflection and cognitive reasoning have been found to be at their lowest, and affective, harmony (rather than dichotomy)‐based understanding of the natural world is suggested to be at its highest. We outline the potential of focusing on HNC in the early years for transformative change, in terms of how this approach might impact pro‐environmental behaviours of children, the adults and communities around them, and future society. Finally, we propose three possible directions for future research and practice: (i) reframing the concept and definitions of HNC within the unique early years; (ii) exploring more empirically which factors are responsible for the development of deep HNC in this age group and through which pathways these function; and (iii) what understanding might be required to nurture early years HNC development across a range of demographic, social, cultural and geographical contexts. We believe focusing research and practice on fostering a well‐defined, deeply rooted human–nature connection in early childhood, can build children's resilience and lasting pro‐environmental values, thus unlocking wider sustainability transformations across society and generations. This perspective paper therefore provides initial direction and impetus for sustainability policy and practice, and identifies how HNC‐related values warrant greater attention and study from the very beginning of life. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.