Advancements in Emulgel Drug Delivery

Topical drug administration systems are widely used for the treatment of localized skin disorders due to their ability to deliver drugs directly to the site of action while reducing systemic side effects. However, topical formulations such as creams, ointments, and gels often exhibit limitations such as poor stability, low drug-loading capacity, inadequate delivery of hydrophobic drugs, and reduced patient acceptability. Emulgels, which combine the properties of emulsions and gels, have emerged as promising carriers capable of overcoming these limitations. The combination of emulsion and gel systems enables improved delivery of both hydrophilic and lipophilic therapeutic agents while providing improved spreadability, stability, controlled drug release, and enhanced skin permeation. This review summarizes the formulation principles, preparation methods, evaluation parameters, and therapeutic applications of emulgels. The influence of formulation components such as oils, emulsifiers, gelling agents, penetration enhancers, and preservatives on product performance is discussed. Recent developments including nanoemulgels, microemulgels, herbal emulgels, and natural polymer-based systems are also highlighted. Furthermore, current challenges, research gaps, and future prospects are presented. Overall, emulgels represent a versatile and effective topical drug delivery platform with considerable potential for pharmaceutical, dermatological, and cosmeceutical applications.