Hukum Masturbasi Istri Sebagai Pelampiasan Krisis Nafkah Biologis Perspektif Mazhab Hanafi dan Hambali

This study examines the legal ruling on a wife's masturbation from the perspectives of the Hanafi and Hanbali schools of Islamic jurisprudence as a response to the deprivation of biological (sexual) maintenance. This qualitative study employs a normative approach with deductive data analysis. The findings show that both schools generally rule masturbation as prohibited (ḥarām) based on the Qur'an and the Sunnah. However, it may become permissible (mubāḥ) in cases of necessity, particularly when there is a fear of adultery or serious psychological distress caused by the lack of sexual fulfillment. The Hanafi school justifies this ruling through istiḥsān and the principle of necessity (ḍarūrah), while the Hanbali school relies on the principle of dafʿ al-mafsadah (preventing harm). Nevertheless, this permissibility is only a temporary legal concession and not a general rule. Islamic law continues to emphasize the fulfillment of marital sexual rights through a healthy marital relationship and Sharīʿah-based solutions to marital problems.