Antidiabetic potential from mangrove plants: A review of phytochemical profile and biological activities

These days, diabetes mellitus has become a major issue for public health around the world, and its prevalence is rising quickly. The large global burden of diabetes has prompted the search for new natural sources with potential as antidiabetic agents with minimal side effects. One source of interest is mangrove plants, a coastal ecosystem rich in biodiversity and secondary metabolites. This review article aims to summarize and analyze studies on the antidiabetic activity of mangrove plants and to identify bioactive compounds that contribute to this bioactivity. Based on a literature review of scientific databases (Scopus, PubMed, and WoS), several genera, such as Avicennia, Rhizophora, Sonneratia, Bruguiera, and Xylocarpus were found to exhibit antidiabetic activities, predominantly by following model: α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, α-amylase inhibitory activity, in vivo antihyperglycemic activity. The phytochemicals contributing to these antidiabetic activities include flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids, alkaloids, and tannins. Some of these, such as Xyloccensin-I, corniculatolide C, trans-tiliroside, myricetrin, and triterpenoids pentacyclic, which was isolated from mangrove plants, show potential as antidiabetic agents.