Primary clinical effectiveness of full-mouth scaling combined with S-PRG particle for non-surgical treatment of stage III and IV periodontitis: randomized controlled clinical pilot study with a 3-month follow-up

Objective: This pilot study aims to evaluate the primary clinical effectiveness of S-PRG nanoparticle dispersion as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with stage III/IV periodontitis. Material and Methods: The methodology followed the CONSORT guidelines. Twelve patients with stage III and IV periodontitis received full-mouth scaling (FMS) treatment with ultrasound within 24 hours, instrumentation for 1 minute for each site with a pocket ≥ 4mm. They were divided into two groups: FMS with filtered water (n=6); FMS + S-PRG adjuvant (n=6). Clinical periodontal parameters were evaluated: plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BoP), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL), at baseline and 3-month follow-up. The Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP-14) was used to assess the impact of oral health on quality of life. The FMS+S-PRG group showed a greater reduction in BoP at 3 months. Results: Regardless of the treatment modality, both groups showed a reduction in the plaque index after 3 months and also a reduction in PD. There was a statistically significant difference in CAL when comparing FMS+S-PRG baseline (3.23±0.50) vs. FMS+S-PRG 3 months (2.40±0.65) (p=0.0313). Only the FMS+S-PRG group showed improved understanding of quality of life in the OHIP-14 questionnaire, FMS+S-PRG baseline vs. 3 months (p=0.0156). Conclusion: Promising results regarding the use of the S-PRG nanoparticles as an adjuvant in the treatment of stage III and IV periodontitis, for reducing the plaque index and bleeding on probing, as well as the improvement in quality of life observed in the S-PRG group.