Integrating RII, VSM, and EVM to Optimize Construction Performance of a Physiotherapy Facility in a Remote Mining Area

Background: Construction projects in remote mining areas face schedule disruptions caused by complex approval procedures, logistical constraints, and changing project requirements. An integrated assessment is needed to identify the underlying causes of delays, their operational impacts, and their consequences for project performance. Objective: This study aims to integrate the Relative Importance Index (RII), Value Stream Mapping (VSM), and Earned Value Management (EVM) to assess construction performance in a physiotherapy facility renovation project. Methods: A single-case study was conducted using questionnaires completed by 30 respondents, interviews with 10 key informants, observations of 19 activities, project progress reports covering 34 weeks, and project documentation. RII was used to prioritize delay factors, VSM to identify operational waste, and EVM to evaluate schedule performance. Results: The dominant delay factors were approval delays (RII = 0.947), logistical constraints (RII = 0.920), and scope changes (RII = 0.900). VSM identified 217 activity-days of cycle time and 292 activity-days of waiting time, yielding a total of 509 activity-days and a value-added ratio of 36.94%. The proposed future-state scenario indicated a potential reduction of 128 activity-days, although this estimate requires empirical verification. EVM yielded Schedule Performance Index (SPI) values of 0.773, 0.847, and 0.970 in Weeks 14, 27, and 34, respectively. Conclusion: Integrating RII, VSM, and EVM provides a traceable framework for prioritizing delay factors, identifying process bottlenecks, and assessing schedule deviations. The proposed improvements require post-implementation validation before their effectiveness can be confirmed.