OPTIMALISASI WAKAF UANG SEBAGAI KOMPONEN MODAL BUFFER BANK SYARIAH: STUDI EPISTEMOLOGIS TERHADAP TEKS-TEKS HUKUM KONTEMPORER

Strengthening the capital resilience of Islamic banks is essential, while cash waqf has the potential to support the development of Islamic finance. However, the obligation to preserve waqf principal raises concerns regarding its suitability as a capital buffer component. This study aims to analyze the suitability of cash waqf as a capital buffer for Islamic banks through an epistemological examination of contemporary legal texts. It employs a qualitative library research method with Islamic legal epistemology and a juridical-normative approach. Data were obtained from legislation, Islamic banking regulations, fatwas, and scientific literature, and analyzed through norm identification, regulatory harmonization, and evaluation of cash waqf utilization models. The findings indicate that waqf principal protection, ownership characteristics, risk profiles, and prudential requirements limit its recognition as a capital instrument. This study contributes by distinguishing cash waqf’s role in supporting bank resilience from its regulatory recognition as a capital buffer. Optimization may be pursued through productive management, institutional cooperation, and the utilization of management returns in accordance with applicable regulations. Recognition as a capital buffer requires a clear legal basis, sharia compliance, adequate governance, and assessment by the competent authority. ABSTRAK Penguatan ketahanan permodalan bank syariah penting, sementara wakaf uang berpotensi mendukung pengembangan keuangan syariah. Namun, kewajiban melindungi pokok wakaf menimbulkan persoalan terkait kelayakannya sebagai komponen capital buffer. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kelayakan wakaf uang sebagai modal buffer bank syariah melalui kajian epistemologis terhadap teks hukum kontemporer. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif berbasis studi kepustakaan dengan pendekatan epistemologi hukum Islam dan yuridis-normatif. Data bersumber dari peraturan perundang-undangan, ketentuan perbankan syariah, fatwa, dan literatur ilmiah yang dianalisis melalui identifikasi norma, harmonisasi ketentuan, dan evaluasi model pemanfaatan wakaf uang. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan pokok wakaf, karakter kepemilikan, profil risiko, dan persyaratan prudensial membatasi pengakuannya sebagai instrumen permodalan. Kontribusi penelitian terletak pada pembedaan fungsi wakaf uang dalam mendukung ketahanan bank dan pengakuannya secara regulatif sebagai modal buffer. Optimalisasi dapat dilakukan melalui pengelolaan produktif, kerja sama kelembagaan, dan pemanfaatan hasil pengelolaan sesuai ketentuan. Pengakuan sebagai modal buffer memerlukan dasar hukum yang jelas, kepatuhan syariah, tata kelola memadai, dan penilaian otoritas berwenang.