Influence of the composition of the induction medium on in vitro androgenesis of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Aim. Study of the efficiency of in vitro androgenesis of bread wheat using different induction media for anther culture. Methods. In vitro culture of isolated anthers. The following parameters were determined: frequency of callus formation, number of green and albino regenerant plants (number per 100 cultured anthers). Results. In vitro androgenesis in anther culture in 10 genotypes of winter bread wheat was studied. The frequency of callus induction ranged from 0 to 15.00 ± 2.06 (on 190-2 medium), 81.11 ± 1.85 (W-14), and up to 15.67 ± 2.10 (CBH3). The value of the parameter “green plant regeneration” varied within the following limits: from 0 to 4.33 ± 1.18 on 190-2 medium; 42.89 ± 2.33 on W-14 medium; and 2.67 ± 0.65 on CBH3 medium. The wheat genotypes F8, F42, and F46 were the most responsive to in vitro androgenesis were shown. Conclusions. Genotype-specific morphogenetic responses of winter bread wheat microspores during in vitro androgenesis were identified. The W-14 medium provided a significantly higher frequency of callus induction and green plant regeneration compared to 190-2 and CBH3 media. It was shown that at the stage of embryoid induction the dominant factor is the induction medium, whereas at the stage of green plant regeneration the genotype plays the determining role.