Dolma-tekke in Kruja (Albania): A preliminary research approach to interior artistic decoration, techniques, and materials used

This study investigates the 18th–19th century Dolma-tekke wall paintings in Kruja, Albania, identifying decorative features, materials, and execution techniques while assessing preservation states. A multi-disciplinary approach integrated art-historical analysis, 3D scanning, and microclimate monitoring with archaeometric techniques, including XRD, electron microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. Findings reveal a multilayered structure using local and imported pigments bound with casein on magnesium-lime plaster. Two decorative phases (1779; 1807–1808) use a secco and fresco-secco techniques. Significant degradation—cracks, 30% delamination, and humidity-driven biological damage—was identified. The results confirm an Ottoman-Baroque synthesis, providing a scientific basis for future conservation.