Neural Reorganization in Motor Recovery after Stroke: An Analysis Based on EEG

Post-stroke hemiparesis is a common long-term motor impairment, and patients may show considerable differences in recovery even after receiving similar rehabilitation training. This paper focuses on neural reorganization during post-stroke motor recovery and examines the use of electroencephalography (EEG) in observing changes in sensorimotor networks. Particular attention is given to alpha and beta oscillations, event-related desynchronization/synchronization (ERD/ERS), and functional connectivity. Current studies suggest that motor recovery after stroke involves dynamic reorganization of the ipsilesional motor areas, the contralesional hemisphere, and bilateral sensorimotor networks. However, recovery patterns are not consistent across patients. Changes in EEG measures should therefore not be simply interpreted as increased brain activity or stronger functional connectivity. Instead, they should be considered together with the severity of injury, the integrity of motor pathways, and the stage of recovery. EEG can provide useful neurophysiological information for understanding functional neural reorganization after stroke and may also support patient stratification and individualized rehabilitation assessment.