Evaluación del habla en adultos chilenos: una propuesta de textos fonológicamente equilibrados

Speech assessment in adults, the purpose of which is to establish a clinical diagnosis, includes perceptual analysis of the oral reading of phonetically balanced texts. The texts El abuelo and La familia, which are commonly used in Chile, do not have a phoneme distribution similar to that reported for Chilean Spanish. Moreover, the phonetic balance for Chilean Spanish of the texts Inamible, El viento norte y el sol, and El arcoíris has not been documented. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the phonetic balance of the texts Inamible, El viento norte y el sol, and El arcoíris, based on the frequency of Chilean Spanish phonemes; and also, to document the phonetic balance of a short text, comprised of proverbs, according to the frequency of Chilean Spanish phonemes. Within the framework of a descriptive non-experimental quantitative study, the frequency of occurrence of each phoneme in the three texts was identified and compared with the distribution of frequencies reported by Pérez (2003). A similar process was carried out with ten Chilean idiosyncratic sayings. The results showed that Inamible, El viento norte y el sol, El arcoíris, and a selection of ten proverbs did not show statistically significant differences compared to Pérez's study (p>.05). As a result, these three texts and a set of ten phonologically balanced phrases and sentences are proposed to elicit oral corpora in clinical speech assessment in Chile.