Integrating Artificial Intelligence Technologies into Library Practices in Selected Universities in Nigeria in the Digital Era: Myth or Reality?

The integration of AI technologies into library practices is a global discourse in the digital age. Nevertheless, its reality in Nigeria is uncertain. Within this context, the study explored whether AI adoption in selected university libraries in Nigeria is practical or merely aspirational. Specifically, the study examined librarians’ AI-related skills, the level of AI integration into library operations, the technologies applied across diverse areas of library operations, and the challenges encountered. The study employed a mixed-methods research design, combining quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (interview) approaches. The population of the study was 78 librarians from eight public universities in Ekiti and Ondo States, Nigeria. However, only 59 librarians responded to the study. A total enumeration technique was used for the survey. Purposive sampling was used to select professional librarians for interviews. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and an interview guide. Findings revealed a low level of AI-related competencies among librarians and minimal integration of AI into library operations. Its application across library services was limited, mainly to plagiarism detection and marginal cataloguing functions. The major challenges were inadequate funding, poor infrastructure, and limited technical expertise. The study concluded that AI integration in the sampled university libraries is at an early stage of implementation. Unlike prior studies that mainly focus on digital transformation, smart libraries, and readiness for AI adoption, this study examines the actual implementation of AI in university library operations in selected universities in Nigeria. The study recommended increased investment in infrastructure, capacity building, and policy development to transform library services in the digital age.