Biocompatible Conjugated Electrospinning Nanofibrous Membrane With Self‐Powered Piezoelectric Capacity for Accelerated Wound Healing

Extensive research has demonstrated that electrical stimulation (ES) accelerates wound healing by promoting cellular proliferation and migration. However, the delivery of continuous and noninvasive ES to the wound site remains a major challenge. Conventional ES devices generally depend on external power supplies and often suffer from limited biocompatibility. To address these limitations, we developed an innovative wound healing strategy that integrates ES with biocompatible materials. Specifically, a self-powered nanofibrous membrane (PGPM) was fabricated via conjugated electrospinning by combining the piezoelectric polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (PVDF-TrFE) and MXene with polycaprolactone (PCL) and gelatin, two polymers with excellent biocompatibility. The resulting PGPM has inherent piezoelectric properties allowing the generation of localized electrical signals in response to mechanical stimuli, for example, skin tension, compression or ultrasound. These electrical signals significantly promote the growth and migration of wound healing-related cells, as well as the deposition of type I/III collagen fibers, α-SMA expression, and VEGF production in vivo. Together, such an approach has offered a self-powered and biocompatible platform on which wound healing can be accelerated using endogenous ES.