Albumin-Platelet Rich Fibrin as an Autologous Biomaterial in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Current Evidence and Clinical Perspectives

Albumin-platelet rich fibrin (Alb-PRF), also referred to as extended platelet-rich fibrin (e-PRF), is an emerging autologous biomaterial designed to overcome the relatively rapid degradation of conventional platelet-rich fibrin (PRF). The technique combines a thermally denatured albumin gel derived from platelet-poor plasma with a cellular liquid PRF fraction, producing a biologically active matrix with substantially prolonged structural persistence. This combination provides a potentially stable scaffold while retaining platelets, leukocytes and regenerative mediators within the PRF component. Recent laboratory studies suggest that Alb-PRF may influence inflammatory signalling, angiogenesis, fibroblast activity and osteoblast-related responses. Clinically, its use has expanded from periodontal applications to extraction socket management, ridge preservation, guided bone regeneration, sinus augmentation and implant surgery. Recent randomised and controlled studies have demonstrated encouraging results for early soft-tissue healing and selected peri-implant outcomes, whereas evidence for superior hard-tissue regeneration remains inconsistent. A 2026 systematic review identified only seven eligible in vivo or clinical studies and concluded that current evidence is stronger for early soft-tissue healing and postoperative comfort than for predictable hard-tissue regeneration. This narrative review summarizes the biological basis, preparation, biomaterial characteristics, clinical applications, limitations and future research directions of Alb-PRF in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Current evidence supports Alb-PRF as a promising autologous adjunct and prolonged-persistence biological membrane, but not yet as a replacement for established bone grafts or barrier membranes.