Development and Expert Validation of the GESTA-PRIMA Family-Centered Educational Intervention for Gestational Diabetes Prevention

Gestational diabetes mellitus is a major pregnancy complication that requires early preventive interventions integrating nutrition education, safe physical activity, family engagement, and continuous monitoring. The GESTA-PRIMA (Gestational Diabetes Prevention through Integrated Management Approach) model was developed as a family-centered educational intervention supported by printed materials and a digital application. This study aimed to evaluate the expert validation and content validity, as well as the refinement needs, of four GESTA-PRIMA educational products prior to pilot implementation. This study represents the Development phase of a Research and Development project based on the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation instructional design model. Four multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, obstetrics, health promotion, and public health nutrition evaluated the GESTA-PRIMA module, educational booklet, Maternal Health Monitoring Card, and SehatiHamil application prototype using a four-point Likert scale. Content validity was assessed using item-level and scale-level content validity indices (average method and universal agreement), while descriptive statistics summarized validation scores. All products were classified as highly valid, with mean validation scores ranging from 95.5% to 98.4%. Every assessment item achieved an item-level content validity index of 1.00, and all products obtained scale-level indices of 1.00 under both the average and universal agreement methods, indicating unanimous expert agreement regarding content relevance. Qualitative feedback suggested only minor revisions to improve readability, cultural relevance, clinical guidance, family engagement, and digital privacy features. These findings demonstrate that the GESTA-PRIMA educational package possesses excellent content validity and is suitable for pilot implementation following minor refinements.