Body Mass Index and Mortality in Adults Hospitalized with COVID-19 at a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Northern Jordan, 2020–2021: A Single-Center Retrospective Secondary Analysis
Background and Objectives: A previous analysis of the same Jordanian hospital cohort reported obesity as nonsignificant in a broad mortality model but did not characterize BMI dose–response or nonlinearity. We examined BMI and in-hospital mortality in a focused secondary analysis of adults hospitalized during 2020–2021. Materials and Methods: The archived extract contained 1399 adults and 559 deaths. The primary exposure was obesity (BMI ≥ 30 vs. <30 kg/m2). Logistic regression adjusted for age using a four-knot restricted cubic spline, sex, and smoking status; an expanded model additionally included comorbidities. Modified Poisson regression estimated adjusted risk ratios. Results: Mortality was 41.4% with obesity and 38.8% without obesity. The primary adjusted OR was 1.124 (95% CI 0.892–1.416; p = 0.322) and adjusted RR was 1.066 (0.938–1.212; p = 0.327). BMI-category and spline global tests were nonsignificant, but intervals were wide at the extremes. Conclusions: No statistically clear BMI–mortality association was identified in this selected early-pandemic hospitalized cohort. The findings do not establish equivalence and may not transfer to later pandemic eras; interpretation is limited by unresolved derivation differences from the parent cohort and unavailable acute-severity and timing variables.
Authors
- Reema A. Karasneh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2919-1280)
- Osama Abo Alrob (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4090-5157)
- Mohammad B. Nusair (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6163-8599)
- Alhareth A. Alsa’d (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0395-7491)
- Sayer Al-Azzam
Institutions
- Al-Ahliyya Amman University (JO)
- Jordan University of Science and Technology (JO)
- Yarmouk University (JO)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Healthcare
- Published
- 2026-11-03
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14213739
- Primary Topic
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00