ICJ-Graph: A Citation Graph and a Layered Document Corpus of the International Court of Justice

We present ICJ-Graph, a machine-readable resource connecting documents of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) to cited cases, legal provisions and United Nations resolutions. Court decisions, written pleadings and oral records form distinct document layers, preserving the distinction between the Court's reasoning and the parties' submissions. The collection contains 6,396 ICJ documents and 505 documents from other courts and legal bodies, together with 12,375 provisions and 20,291 UN resolutions. The data files contain text, metadata and embeddings. The accompanying pipeline lets users load the graph and generate embeddings for use in their own retrieval systems. To illustrate the resource's use, we evaluate five models on citation prediction for 199 decisions using documents available before each decision. Tools designed for citation research improve citation-prediction F1 over answering without tools for all five models across case, provision and resolution citations.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
arXiv (Cornell University)
Published
2026-11-02
DOI
https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2611.02630
Primary Topic
Artificial Intelligence in Law
Type
preprint
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preprint

ICJ-Graph: A Citation Graph and a Layered Document Corpus of the International Court of Justice

Chompakorn Chaksangchaichot, Pawitsapak Akarajaradwong, Jirameth Wannasiwaporn
arXiv (Cornell University)
Artificial Intelligence in Law
preprint

ICJ-Graph: A Citation Graph and a Layered Document Corpus of the International Court of Justice

Chompakorn Chaksangchaichot, Pawitsapak Akarajaradwong, Jirameth Wannasiwaporn
preprint en

Abstract

We present ICJ-Graph, a machine-readable resource connecting documents of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) to cited cases, legal provisions and United Nations resolutions. Court decisions, written pleadings and oral records form distinct document layers, preserving the distinction between the Court's reasoning and the parties' submissions. The collection contains 6,396 ICJ documents and 505 documents from other courts and legal bodies, together with 12,375 provisions and 20,291 UN resolutions. The data files contain text, metadata and embeddings. The accompanying pipeline lets users load the graph and generate embeddings for use in their own retrieval systems. To illustrate the resource's use, we evaluate five models on citation prediction for 199 decisions using documents available before each decision. Tools designed for citation research improve citation-prediction F1 over answering without tools for all five models across case, provision and resolution citations.

arXiv (Cornell University)
Artificial Intelligence in Law
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ICJ-Graph: A Citation Graph and a Layered Document Corpus of the International Court of Justice — Chompakorn Chaksangchaichot, Pawitsapak Akarajaradwong, et al. · arXiv (Cornell University) (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS