Когато наградата идва без усилие: от химията до изкуствения интелект

This article first examines why societies treat the use of psychoactive substances as a breach of public order, and whether that attitude follows a consistent logic. It examines the legal grounds, the Devlin–Hart debate on law and morality, the case of alcohol, the everyday "chemical tuning" of the modern citizen, and the systematic use of dietary supplements regarded as harmless. An evolutionary perspective explains why such shortcuts are attractive and why natural selection does not protect against them. The common thread is that shortcuts sever the link between effort and reward on which the social contract rests; a separate section argues that the social benefit of effort substantially exceeds the benefit of the reward. The same logic is then applied to artificial intelligence in science: data on paper mills show how cheap imitation devalues the measures of success. The position of the mathematician Terence Tao and two declarations by mathematicians from 2026 are examined as a case in which results can be verified by machine and yet the problem remains. In the context of this problem, illustrative practical approaches to assessment are given for the teaching of mathematics, computer science, psychology, philosophy and languages.Keywords: psychoactive substances, public order, dietary supplements, evolutionary perspective, artificial intelligence, research integrity, assessment.