The pendulum was always calculating Vc light / Impedance Detuning and Phase Delay: Geometric Unification of Pendulum Motion and Light Speed via an Effective Mass Body Resonator Model

The pendulum was always calculating Vc light This work demonstrates that lossless wave propagation relies solely on geometric impedance matching rather than physical medium resistance. A phase delay δ* = 0.01212 rad (41.6667 arcmin / 3437.74677) emerges as a universal geometric limit angle. Key Equation (Title-Embedded, Zero-Fitting): c = R0 / t_dwell * arcsin(2/3) = 299,749,289 m/s R0 = fixed pendulum radius (D/2), t_dwell = pendulum dwell time at v=0 (35ms fixed → 36.1ms measured, error 1.1ms / 70 cycles), arcsin(2/3)=0.7297 rad. The identical leakage factor Γ = sin²(δ*) = sin²(0.012) = 0.0144% governs:- Fiber optic thermal 0% (Temperature flat, Reactance X=j*0.012*377=j4.524Ω, C_virtual=70.6mF/mode, Finesse=261.8)- Pendulum Q-elevation (Q0=157→Q_eff=224.5, Qc=523.6)- Vacuum speed c = 299,749,289 m/s vs c0=299,792,458 m/s, Δc=43,169 m/s All values are derived from a single observation 41.6667 arcmin via geometric operations (sin, cos, ×, ÷) only. Zero fitting parameters. Fully reproducible. Author's Note: The pendulum was always calculating c. R_fixed / t_dwell * arcsin(2/3) = c. The dwell time emerges from the fixed radius, revealing c as a geometric necessity. Full manuscript includes Appendix B/C/D/E zero-fitting proof and revised conclusion.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-11-03
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23925033
Primary Topic
Relativity and Gravitational Theory
Type
preprint
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preprint

The pendulum was always calculating Vc light / Impedance Detuning and Phase Delay: Geometric Unification of Pendulum Motion and Light Speed via an Effective Mass Body Resonator Model

sungbae im
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Relativity and Gravitational Theory
preprint

The pendulum was always calculating Vc light / Impedance Detuning and Phase Delay: Geometric Unification of Pendulum Motion and Light Speed via an Effective Mass Body Resonator Model

sungbae im
preprint en

Abstract

The pendulum was always calculating Vc light This work demonstrates that lossless wave propagation relies solely on geometric impedance matching rather than physical medium resistance. A phase delay δ* = 0.01212 rad (41.6667 arcmin / 3437.74677) emerges as a universal geometric limit angle. Key Equation (Title-Embedded, Zero-Fitting): c = R0 / t_dwell * arcsin(2/3) = 299,749,289 m/s R0 = fixed pendulum radius (D/2), t_dwell = pendulum dwell time at v=0 (35ms fixed → 36.1ms measured, error 1.1ms / 70 cycles), arcsin(2/3)=0.7297 rad. The identical leakage factor Γ = sin²(δ*) = sin²(0.012) = 0.0144% governs:- Fiber optic thermal 0% (Temperature flat, Reactance X=j*0.012*377=j4.524Ω, C_virtual=70.6mF/mode, Finesse=261.8)- Pendulum Q-elevation (Q0=157→Q_eff=224.5, Qc=523.6)- Vacuum speed c = 299,749,289 m/s vs c0=299,792,458 m/s, Δc=43,169 m/s All values are derived from a single observation 41.6667 arcmin via geometric operations (sin, cos, ×, ÷) only. Zero fitting parameters. Fully reproducible. Author's Note: The pendulum was always calculating c. R_fixed / t_dwell * arcsin(2/3) = c. The dwell time emerges from the fixed radius, revealing c as a geometric necessity. Full manuscript includes Appendix B/C/D/E zero-fitting proof and revised conclusion.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Relativity and Gravitational Theory
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