A personificação do pecado em Gênesis 4:7: exegese, filosofia e psicanálise

This article analyzes Genesis 4:7 from an exegetical, philological, and interdisciplinary perspective, focusing on the personification of sin as a “crouching beast at the door.” The Hebrew text presents an anomalous grammatical construction in which the feminine noun ḥaṭṭā’ṯ governs the masculine participle rōbēṣ, breaking gender agreement in order to portray sin as a threatening force. The study recovers symbolic parallels from the Ancient Near East, especially the demon rābiṣu, and traces the reception of this imagery in biblical literature and the New Testament. The article also establishes a critical dialogue with Augustine, Kant, Freudian psychoanalysis, and Paul Ricoeur’s symbolic hermeneutics. Genesis 4:7 is not treated as a historical chronicle, but as a theological-literary narrative. It concludes that Genesis 4:7 resists biological, psychological, and metaphysical reductionisms, preserving the centrality of ethical responsibility before evil as a liminal reality dependent upon human decision.