The Rationale for the Merger of IGAD and EAC: Its Potential Benefits and Challenges for the Greater Horn

One of the ubiquitous problems of the African economic integration process is multiple and overlapping memberships in different regional economic communities (RECs). One solution for this is the merger of these RECs into a single, larger entity. This study examined the rationale for the merger of IGAD and EAC as one larger new regional economic community in the greater Horn of Africa and assessed its potential benefits and challenges for the region. Qualitative design was employed, and primary data from policy and research experts and secondary resources were consulted. The study argues that the harmonization may address the two blocs’ weaknesses over the decades of their existence, and combining the focus on peace and security of IGAD with the economic integration achievements of the EAC would allow the new larger single entity to leverage their respective strengths to drive sustainable peace and development, advance regional economic integration, and promote the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). It would also create a larger market with a combined GDP and population, attracting increased investments and fostering economic growth. By aligning policies and removing trade barriers, the merged entity could enhance regional trade and create opportunities for businesses to thrive. Besides, the larger entity would help increase the bargaining power of the region and could also lead to more effective responses and resilience-building strategies to migration, climate change, and humanitarian crises the region faces. However, overcoming political rivalries and reconciling different perspectives will be essential to overcoming the challenges ahead. It is suggested that weak institutional organization, political unwillingness, and instability need to be addressed for a successful merger