The Electron Is Round: An Absence, Priced in TeV

The electron, as far as two of the finest instruments ever built can tell, has no electric dipole moment at all. An electric dipole moment — a separation of charge along the electron's spin — would break time-reversal symmetry, and with it CP symmetry, and the known sources of CP violation cannot make one anywhere near large enough to see: the Standard Model's own prediction sits at or below about 10⁻³⁸ e·cm, with modern evaluations nearer 10⁻³⁹ to 10⁻⁴⁰ e·cm. So any dipole the instruments could have seen would have been new physics, signed in the electron's shape. They saw nothing. The ACME collaboration, watching electrons inside thorium monoxide molecules, set |d_e| < 1.1 × 10⁻²⁹ e·cm in 2018. The JILA group, watching electrons inside trapped hafnium fluoride ions held coherent for up to three seconds, tightened the bound to |d_e| < 4.1 × 10⁻³⁰ e·cm in 2023. This paper does one piece of work and prints every assumption it spends: it converts that absence into the new-physics reach it buys, under the standard one-loop scaling, and it prices what the null excludes — generic TeV-scale CP violation, supersymmetric phases at natural size, and room for the new CP violation that electroweak baryogenesis needs. The conversion is a scaling, not a theorem, and it is printed as a range with its structure labels attached, never as a point: the same null reads as a reach of about 125 TeV in the most generous one-loop reading and as a few TeV in two-loop readings, and both numbers are honest answers to different questions. Grade: ABSENCE STANDS — PRICED IN TEV, AS A RANGE. This paper stands outside my work on the vacuum catastrophe; it draws nothing from that work and repairs nothing in it, and it touches no claim of that program.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-11-02
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23925952
Primary Topic
Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Type
preprint
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preprint

The Electron Is Round: An Absence, Priced in TeV

William Alexander Aldred
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
preprint

The Electron Is Round: An Absence, Priced in TeV

William Alexander Aldred
preprint en

Abstract

The electron, as far as two of the finest instruments ever built can tell, has no electric dipole moment at all. An electric dipole moment — a separation of charge along the electron's spin — would break time-reversal symmetry, and with it CP symmetry, and the known sources of CP violation cannot make one anywhere near large enough to see: the Standard Model's own prediction sits at or below about 10⁻³⁸ e·cm, with modern evaluations nearer 10⁻³⁹ to 10⁻⁴⁰ e·cm. So any dipole the instruments could have seen would have been new physics, signed in the electron's shape. They saw nothing. The ACME collaboration, watching electrons inside thorium monoxide molecules, set |d_e| < 1.1 × 10⁻²⁹ e·cm in 2018. The JILA group, watching electrons inside trapped hafnium fluoride ions held coherent for up to three seconds, tightened the bound to |d_e| < 4.1 × 10⁻³⁰ e·cm in 2023. This paper does one piece of work and prints every assumption it spends: it converts that absence into the new-physics reach it buys, under the standard one-loop scaling, and it prices what the null excludes — generic TeV-scale CP violation, supersymmetric phases at natural size, and room for the new CP violation that electroweak baryogenesis needs. The conversion is a scaling, not a theorem, and it is printed as a range with its structure labels attached, never as a point: the same null reads as a reach of about 125 TeV in the most generous one-loop reading and as a few TeV in two-loop readings, and both numbers are honest answers to different questions. Grade: ABSENCE STANDS — PRICED IN TEV, AS A RANGE. This paper stands outside my work on the vacuum catastrophe; it draws nothing from that work and repairs nothing in it, and it touches no claim of that program.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
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