Surgical management of a complex traumatic diaphragmatic hernia with multi-visceral organ herniation, including the kidney: A rare case report

Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia (TDH) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening condition that may present acutely or in a delayed manner with nonspecific gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms. Most cases are associated with blunt or penetrating trauma. We report a case of a 31-year-old presenting with chronic abdominal discomfort and progressive respiratory symptoms. Imaging findings were suggestive of a large left-sided diaphragmatic hernia, likely due to traumatic enlargement of a previously unrecognised congenital diaphragmatic defect following a fall from a tree. This rare coexistence can result in significant herniation of abdominal viscera. A high index of suspicion is required in patients with a history of remote trauma and longstanding or unexplained respiratory complaints. Early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention are essential to prevent complications and ensure favourable outcomes.