Metabolomic Analysis of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Myocardial Infarction by Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Abstract This cross-sectional exploratory study investigates the potential of metabolomics to differentiate between stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) through Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analysis. The study identifies distinct metabolic profiles for each condition, revealing significant variations in metabolite levels, particularly lactic acid, which is a key metabolic product of anaerobic glycolysis, emerges as a prominent marker in AMI patients, reflecting acute ischemic stress and providing insight into adverse outcomes associated with high lactate levels. Another metabolite found in the present study was hypoxanthine, which is key biomarker for myocardial ischemia. These findings underscore the potential of metabolomics in combination with pathway analysis in distinguishing between CAD and AMI and highlight the metabolic dysregulation that occurs in these diseases. Our results suggest that these metabolites could serve as potential biomarkers, paving the way for personalized prognostic and diagnostic strategies. Further large-scale studies are necessary to validate these findings and incorporate them into clinical practice.