CLASSIFICATION OF FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS FLOWS UNDER WARTIME CONDITIONS

The article examines the factors influencing the economic efficiency of transport and logistics flows under wartime conditions. It is substantiated that transport efficiency is determined not only by the relationship between results and costs but also by delivery time, route capacity, capacity utilisation and the ability of the logistics system to maintain operational continuity. The methodological basis of the study comprises the systems approach, comparison, generalisation, multicriteria classification and scenario analysis. The factors are classified according to the nature of their influence, functional domain, level of formation, origin and degree of manageability. Warinduced destructive and adaptive-compensatory factors are distinguished by the nature of their influence. The main negative factors include infrastructure damage, instability in the operation of seaports and maritime corridors, railway gauge incompatibility, insufficient capacity of border crossing points and rising transportation costs. Their influence is found to have a cascading nature: disruption of one route causes cargo redirection, congestion of alternative infrastructure, longer delivery times and declining competitiveness of goods. The adaptive factors include route diversification, development of rail and multimodal transportation, establishment of logistics hubs, modernisation of border infrastructure, digitalisation of procedures and attraction of investment. The factors are divided into manageable, partially manageable and unmanageable groups, thereby making it possible to determine the limits of managerial influence. A matrix linking the identified factors with their economic consequences is developed. Stress, adaptive, and recovery-and-integration scenarios for the development of Ukraine’s transport and logistics system are proposed. The practical significance of the results lies in their potential use by enterprises and public authorities when selecting alternative routes, allocating resources, substantiating investment decisions and forecasting transportation efficiency.