Contacto lingüístico y permeabilidad léxica: huellas del catalán en el español a través de textos escritos

Lexicology is part of the linguistic studies that can be approached from different points of view. One of them is related to the vocabulary that the language currently possesses and about which we want to know its origin in the past and, specifically, in the immediately preceding stage. To this end, it is essential to note what the transmitting function of Catalan to Spanish can demonstrate. If the research focuses on these two Romance languages, possible argumentative reasons of a phonetic, morphosyntactic or semantic type are currently excluded, since another perspective that is considered fundamental is related to literature. Specifically, it is about the importance of the first documentary data that is historically found in texts from different periods with the desire to justify which of the two languages is the transmitting one. To demonstrate the interconnection between linguistics and literature in order to achieve this end, the analysis of forastero ‘foreigner’, barraca ‘roughly built shelter’ and grapa ‘piece of metal, whose two ends are nailed to hold different things’ has been chosen. Both the DLE, the general academic dictionary, and the DECH, the etymological dictionary, present them as having been transferred from Catalan to Spanish. The specialized work of Spanish itself and the DECat of Catalan verify that, from the textual point of view, the three words are chronologically prior in Catalan compared to Spanish. Faced with this challenge of what appears in writing in specialized lexicographic sources, this research aims to present the proposal of confirmation (or not) of these data through the corpora in order to demonstrate in a more specific and renewed way the importance of the first textual documentation of certain words in two languages so that one of them can be considered as the transmitting one.