Relevansi Model Pembelajaran Maharah Kalām Terhadap Kebutuhan Komunikasi Global: Studi Pustaka dalam Era Modern

The low level of oral communication skills (maharah kalām) amidst globalization is a serious challenge in Arabic language learning, primarily due to the dominance of traditional learning models that are not fully aligned with the demands of global communication. This study aims to analyze the relevance of the maharah kalām learning model in addressing the needs of global communication in the modern era. The method used is library research with a systematic literature review (SLR) approach and thematic analysis of various national and international scientific articles from the last 5–10 years. The results of the study indicate that the communicative, digital, and contextual-based kalām learning model has a high level of relevance in improving global communication competencies, including aspects of fluency, self-confidence, and cross-cultural interaction skills. In contrast, a structural approach that focuses on memorization and grammar tends to be less effective in developing real communication skills. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of transforming the kalām learning paradigm from a traditional approach to a communicative approach integrated with digital technology. Thus, Arabic language learning in the modern era needs to be directed at developing adaptive, interactive, and globally oriented communication competencies.