Value Orientation and Symbolic Representation in the Traditional Bride-Welcoming Ritual of Rote: An Ethnosemantic Approach

This study examines the meanings and cultural values embedded in traditional bride-welcoming utterances in Rote Thie society, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Employing a descriptive qualitative design, data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews with traditional elders and knowledgeable community members, and documentation. The data were transcribed, translated, classified, and interpreted in their sociocultural contexts. Source and technique triangulation were used to strengthen data validity. The analysis was guided by Leech’s theory of meaning, particularly the distinction between conceptual and associative meaning. The findings reveal two principal dimensions: types of meaning and cultural values. Conceptual meaning encompasses literal meanings associated with greetings and the formal handing over of the bride. In contrast, associative meaning conveys deeper symbolic interpretations concerning kinship, social integration, responsibility, and harmony between the two extended families. Expressions such as ana bonggik (biological child) and lelete besi (iron bridge) illustrate how figurative language represents the bride’s acceptance into the groom’s family and the establishment of enduring relationships between families. The study also identifies five interconnected cultural values: social, moral, cultural, family, and spiritual values. These values reflect the community’s expectations regarding mutual respect, shared responsibility, familial belonging, and cultural continuity. The findings demonstrate that traditional utterances function not merely as communicative expressions but also as vehicles for transmitting cultural knowledge and preserving local wisdom. This study contributes to ethnosemantic research by documenting an understudied marriage ritual and highlighting the role of ritual language in sustaining cultural identity and strengthening social relationships across generations.