Pattern of Glomerulonephritis among Patients with Proteinuria Attending at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

Introduction: Glomerulonephritis (GN) is one of the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Glomerular disorders constitute one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality. However, exact pattern of glomerular diseases is always less well understood without renal biopsy. Objective: This study was aimed to investigate the morphological pattern of glomerular diseases among patients attending at a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Nephrology, Bangaladesh Medical University (BMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2021 to December 2022. A total of 184 patients with proteinuria were enrolled. All study patients were evaluated by history, clinical examination and relevant investigations. Their kidney biopsy was done accordingly. Morphological pattern of glomerulonephritis (GN) was assessed after getting the histopathology report. Results: Among 184 study patients 53.8% were male and 46.2% were female. Mean age of the study patients was 31.81 ± 10.65 years. Their mean body mass index (BMI) was 22.53±3.54 kg/m2, mean body surface area (BSA) was 1.58±0.16 m2, mean systolic blood pressure was 135.52 ± 10.05 mmHg and mean diastolic blood pressure was 80.58 ± 10.65 mmHg. It was observed that, Proliferative Glomerulonephritis was the predominant histopathological category (76%); IgA Nephropathy (IgAN) was the most common subtype (80, 43.47%) followed by Lupus Nephritis [LN (20.65%)], Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis [MPGN (6.52%)], IgM Nephropathy [IgMN (2.17%)], Crescentic Glomerulonephritis (1.63%) and C1q Nephropathy (1.63%). Among non-proliferative diseases, Membranous Nephropathy (MN) was most common (15.21%), followed by Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis [FSGS) (6.52%)] and Minimal Change Disease [MCD (2.71%)]. Conclusion: This study reveals that, among Bangladeshi population Proliferative Glomerulonephritis constituted the predominant (76%) histopathological category; IgA Nephropathy is the most frequent verity followed by Lupus Nephritis, Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis, IgM nephropathy, Crescentic Glomerulonephritis and C1q Nephropathy. In the Non-Proliferative group; Membranous Nephropathy is the commonest form followed by Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis and Minimal Change Disease. Medicine Today 2026, Vol.38 (2): 168-173