Attenuation of Angiotensin II- Induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy by Moringa oleifera Lam. extract, Fractions and Bioactive Constituents: Cell Size Analysis and Molecular Docking

OBJECTIVE: leaves extract, fractions and bioactive compounds (kaempferol, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, and vicenin-2) on Ang II induced H9c2 cells and their binding affinities toward Ang II receptors. METHOD: The crude extract was fractionated into hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol fractions. Cell viability test was carried out and concentrations that maintained cell viability at 80% and more were selected for further study. Hypertrophic model was simulated by inducing H9c2 cells with Ang II (1 µM) and the antihypertrophic effect was assessed by measuring changes in the cell size. RESULTS: < 0.05) in H9c2 cells compared to the Ang II untreated group. Furthermore, bioactive compounds tested also showed significant dose-dependent (10, 20, and 40 µM) reduction in cell size compared to the Ang II group. Gallic acid demonstrated the highest potency by reducing the size the most at the highest dose tested (40 µM), followed by quercetin, chlorogenic acid, vicenin and kaempferol. In molecular docking studies, binding energies of -5.5 kcal/mol and lower were recorded for all bioactive compounds indicating their strong binding affinities toward Ang II receptor. CONCLUSION: leaves extract. These findings serve as a foundation for future studies aimed at developing therapies for cardiovascular diseases from natural resources.