INOVASI E-MODUL KONSELING COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL DENGAN TEKNIK COGNITIVE RESTRUCTURING UNTUK MENANGANI KECEMASAN SOSIAL SISWA KORBAN BULLYING

Bullying represents a critical psychosocial issue among adolescents that severely damages mental health, notably precipitating social anxiety among victims. Victimized students frequently manifest irrational fears of negative peer evaluations, socially withdraw from schooling activities, and experience sharp academic declines. Concurrently, school guidance and counseling services face severe structural constraints, including restricted session durations and a scarcity of validated digital intervention media. This research aimed to develop a cognitive behavioral counseling e-module utilizing cognitive restructuring techniques that is valid, practical, and effective in alleviating social anxiety among bullied junior high school students. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) framework utilizing the five-phase ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Product efficacy was examined through a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design involving eight eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Singaraja. The results established that the content validity of the e-module achieved an Aiken’s V coefficient between 0.875 and 1.00 from media and subject-matter experts, denoting very high validity. Practicality assessments yielded 87.33% from school counselors and 87.83% from students, placing both within the highly practical threshold. Inferential evaluation confirmed a statistically significant reduction in social anxiety scores (t=17.401;p=0.000<0.05) alongside an average score decline of 32.125 points. ABSTRAK Perilaku bullying merupakan salah satu persoalan krusial pada masa remaja yang berdampak destruktif terhadap kesehatan mental, khususnya memicu timbulnya kecemasan sosial pada korban. Korban bullying kerap mengalami ketakutan irasional terhadap evaluasi negatif, menarik diri dari pergaulan sebaya, serta mengalami penurunan keterlibatan akademik di sekolah. Di sisi lain, pelayanan bimbingan dan konseling di sekolah masih menghadapi keterbatasan alokasi waktu layanan serta minimnya ketersediaan media intervensi digital yang terstruktur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan e-modul konseling cognitive behavioral dengan teknik cognitive restructuring yang valid, praktis, dan efektif guna mereduksi kecemasan sosial siswa korban bullying di Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Metode penelitian menerapkan pendekatan Research and Development (R&D) menggunakan model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation). Uji keefektifan produk menggunakan desain pre-experimental dengan bentuk one-group pretest-posttest design yang melibatkan 8 siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Singaraja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa validitas isi e-modul memperoleh koefisien Aiken’s V sebesar 0,875 hingga 1,00 pada uji ahli media dan materi dengan kriteria validitas sangat tinggi. Uji kepraktisan guru bimbingan dan konseling memperoleh persentase 87,33% serta kepraktisan siswa mencapai 87,83% dengan kategori sangat praktis. Uji efektivitas membuktikan adanya penurunan kecemasan sosial yang signifikan secara statistik (t=17,401;p=0,000<0,05) dengan selisih penurunan rata-rata sebesar 32,125 poin.